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sadi in 10 minutes time mr. investigator

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show at the entire gallery bed of nails

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for dividing bit of magic urbanspoon

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baby birds and mysteries the mystery

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welcome to the skeptic zone the podcast

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hello and welcome to the skeptics are in

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episode number 307 for the sixth of

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September it's Father's Day your goose

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that's Maynard and Joe alabaster he

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would be helping me remembering the

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month it is at the powerhouse museum

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where Maynard and I are in the middle of

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a run of the mystery investigators we

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have I had never done the show before

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thursday night and i've done nine of

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them already and twice we've found

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people that have found the water twice

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dividing richard in a row that's true

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isn't that interesting because we did

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the water divining would you better now

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spoon bending some optical illusions but

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you and i have taken some time out here

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at the Museum we've run around we've

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looked at exhibitions and the other

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night we were here performing when they

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had their sex night that's right they

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were we were working blue here at the

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powerhouse museum it was an adult show

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talking about reproduction dr. Cole's

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talking about his favorite organ which

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you'll find out a bit later in the show

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it was pretty spooky it was very spooky

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and it was at a distance and quite

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closing up which means that this week we

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have too many nods spooky actions at a

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distance we kick off with the powerhouse

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spooky actions we have a break which is

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our good friends at the Royal

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Institution of Australia with their week

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in science following that it's it's

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Maynard spooky action at a distance part

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two where am I this time Richard may not

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at the pub oh that's right i had a good

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chat to everybody at skeptics at the pub

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now everybody remember it's the first

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thursday of every month in sydney put it

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in your calendar right now first

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thursday every month in sydney get along

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course we had some great chat about

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amphibians i spoke to someone who was

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tripping balls because they accidentally

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ate part of a frog you wouldn't want to

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miss it but you also chat to pub goers

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enjoy your you're there to you have a

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chat to Maynard about why we still need

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skeptics really yeah why this skeptic

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carrion still needed in the year 2014

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why we'll can't just have a good lie

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down on a bed of nails on a bed of nails

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with people watching that's what we've

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been doing well listen the three of us

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why we race out stairs go to the cafe

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and have a nice I'll why don't know

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chocolate chip cookie does that sound

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all right yeah that's fine may not look

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I've lost all interest in this vitamin K

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I'm going to find something else well

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well we did that I hope you enjoy the

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here's my not spooky action at the

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distance

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I'm sitting with Tilly here in the

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exciting Hall of Kung Fu Lego i call it

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kung fu Lego because children can build

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houses here at the powerhouse out of

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Lego type substances and then come

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through it down and have a great time

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tell you what are you doing y'all are

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you doing it what am i doing I'm causing

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trouble wherever possible and guiding

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people to it as well and what your role

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here at the powerhouse I'm the education

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manager here at the Museum and I'm also

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deeply involved with the ultimos Science

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Festival which is happening right now ok

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whatever happened to the Chippendale

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Science Festival it used to be really

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really quite highly regarded but just

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disappeared and the Newtown science

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festivals right out of the park you

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don't do about that at all no we had

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them both killed off actually like them

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yeah what's been the highlight so far we

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are only on Saturday goodness me I would

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I mean there's so many it's hard we had

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the science of sex on Friday night which

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you were at as well of course was it I

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thought it was a science of sexting in

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which case I thought correct spelling

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was the important thing but no dr. Carl

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was telling about his favorite organ

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which was the uterus the uterus is a

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fascinating creature if I may say within

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we've been a female it does the most

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amazing things it's so adaptable much

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like women themselves i'll have you know

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that looks like that that's that's good

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power power doesn't tell us what they

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think to the stuff you could get to get

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out on that night that wasn't you

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wouldn't normally get out because it was

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an adult show it was indeed a lot of the

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things happening in the ultimate Science

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Festival there we have quite a number of

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adults only events as well as family

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events so happening right now at the

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museum on saturday and sunday is the

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family science weekend and that's where

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we basically have taken over the whole

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museum with hands-on science exhibits

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shows like the mystery investigators the

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building is full of science

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communicators that's right how many

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science communicators does it take to

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run a science festival turns out all of

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them in sydney they're all here it's an

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excellent day and peeled and bringing

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their kids along and it looked people

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been pointing poking and making a lot of

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noise that's right dressing up

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photographing but what's been the

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surprise hit up the mystery

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investigators of course I mean not

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really a surprise though is a

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that the bed of nails since I haven't

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done this show before had Richard the

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bed of nails and I've done five or six

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shows with Richard and twice now someone

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has actually found the water in the

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water to boiling that should be one in

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six and it's been like two in six can I

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say I was brought up as a participant in

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the water divining and what was a

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surprise to me was as I was standing

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ready to walk across I was actually

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nervous my mind went into oh I hope I

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get this right am I gonna get it right I

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hope I find the water because at this

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stage listener you should google the

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ideomotor effect hmm so I found that

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quite interesting of my own reaction I

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didn't expect well how much more we got

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the festival on here people too late to

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catch up on other they going to be

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crying in there because they'd missed

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this great science festival absolutely

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not it doesn't end until friday the 12th

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this friday and there are things on

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every single day during the day and the

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night you can come in and have a curated

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tour here at the powerhouse museum of

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our new exhibition interface that's

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happening on monday tuesday wednesday

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and what's going on the interfaces are

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the changing face of computer fields

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what is it yeah it's looking at that

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interface between humans and our

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machines and looking at some of the

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iconic brands and the innovations that

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have happened over the last couple of

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hundred years i think i saw an apple

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newton in that showcase is that right

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yes i had two of them he did you can

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come and take a trip down memory lane

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that's great and no more time you open

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and when can people get here and how can

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they check it out online it is from ten

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a.m. until 5pm the curator tour itself i

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believe is that noon and people can

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check out everything that's happening at

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the festival at ultimo science festival

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com it's one place you won't get in too

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much trouble for asking questions that's

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right there are no dumb questions only

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strange people filled with it this place

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is buildable

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we're here at the powerhouse museum

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demonstrating some science for their sex

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and science night what are you here for

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you perv ah to learn about sex but

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what's your favorite organ I mean dr.

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cars can be talking about the uterus

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what have you got going oh I think the

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uterus is actually quite a good one is

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where we all come from yeah it's pretty

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hard to beat what's your name sir

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Lachlan and you're going to tell us a

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story that could be a bit spooky or it

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could just be an example of big data in

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effect mmm acabei yes listening to one

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of your interviews quite some time ago

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waiting at the station and who got off

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the train it was you was it definitely

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me it was definitely you yes absolutely

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undeniable then I was affecting that

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Maynard I don't know really what I'm

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doing on public transport look unless it

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was your evil twin oh well look he gets

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around and frankly he's got a better job

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than I've ever had are you got quite a

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distinctive face and I mean that in a

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good way ok I love you knit in the good

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way there well that's great that's

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amazing now that is the what they call

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it the law of large numbers i believe is

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what they say is coincidence yes every

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day I catch a train so inevitable that

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you would at least be on that train at

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least once although i really go to win

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you'd station you'd normally find me

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catching off hopping off somewhere at

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central or maybe in the hunter but

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really we need so that is statistically

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unlikely but not impossible hmm it's

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plausible mmm and you are only one of

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the three listeners to the show too so

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that that's a fairly low number I don't

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say that no I I know at least three

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people who do listen to it so let me

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just double dare you have fun and don't

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heckle dr. Karl I'll try not to because

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he's come back so I'll cut you all right

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yeah that's true that's true I'll avoid

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we're here at the powerhouse museum

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looking at the Russian space suit it

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looks agricultural and very utilitarian

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none of this fancy nancy pansy nasa

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stuff for those guys may not you know

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I'm looking at this this old Russian

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space suits real one and it's just

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struck me how can something space-aged

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look antiquated it's it's it's insane I

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mean it really does look like an

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old-fashioned space suit but that sounds

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like a contradiction yeah but it looked

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ittle bit looks looks pretty rugged but

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it looks rugged as they have to be you

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just always think of the space suit as

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being white and like you know clean and

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but it probably stinks up a storm once

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you've been in one for a couple of hours

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no doubt well this one it's discolored

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somewhat but yeah there is a real

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splashing of Russian it's a real

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splashing spaceship and it smelled proof

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glass because I reckon if you got close

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to that space suit it would smell a

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vodka and prawns and look at the

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comparison here we've got a jumpsuit as

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one by one of the astronauts on the

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space shuttle and very clean and attract

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tracksuit pants as worn on the space

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shuttle too so it's station casual wear

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yeah I mean none of this onesie nonsense

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if you're going to be flying around in

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space at tens of thousands of kilometers

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an hour no no you have to look the part

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don't you that looks like something from

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space 1999 it also looks like something

269
00:10:36,090 --> 00:10:34,110
you might have worn to a rave in 1999

270
00:10:39,360 --> 00:10:36,100
we're in the part of the powerhouse

271
00:10:41,220 --> 00:10:39,370
museum where it's the idea is to show

272
00:10:42,780 --> 00:10:41,230
you how the disorientation of space can

273
00:10:44,190 --> 00:10:42,790
occur Richard how would you explain what

274
00:10:46,500 --> 00:10:44,200
we're looking at here I can't see any of

275
00:10:48,450 --> 00:10:46,510
the children vomiting yet just wait man

276
00:10:50,370 --> 00:10:48,460
out they will it's a tube you're walking

277
00:10:52,530 --> 00:10:50,380
into a tube and it's made out of like

278
00:10:54,750 --> 00:10:52,540
perspex and on the outside of the tube

279
00:10:56,040 --> 00:10:54,760
there's a rotating room so once you're

280
00:10:58,949 --> 00:10:56,050
in the tube you're looking

281
00:11:00,509 --> 00:10:58,959
the room rotating around you you lose

282
00:11:02,639 --> 00:11:00,519
all sense of what's up and what's down

283
00:11:05,280 --> 00:11:02,649
and you start to fall people start to

284
00:11:06,930 --> 00:11:05,290
lean and fall over let's show we entered

285
00:11:09,630 --> 00:11:06,940
them I think we should walk into it here

286
00:11:14,009 --> 00:11:09,640
they've got a bit of an auditory

287
00:11:17,430 --> 00:11:14,019
commentary going in the background looks

288
00:11:19,500 --> 00:11:17,440
like we're tilting it this way it does

289
00:11:22,319 --> 00:11:19,510
doesn't have it's rather upsetting it

290
00:11:23,910 --> 00:11:22,329
could lead to motion sickness I think I

291
00:11:25,590 --> 00:11:23,920
know where they got I think they got the

292
00:11:27,930 --> 00:11:25,600
ideas from is it I've been to some

293
00:11:29,400 --> 00:11:27,940
parties like this have you yeah I think

294
00:11:32,009 --> 00:11:29,410
they got the idea from this from one of

295
00:11:33,420 --> 00:11:32,019
Frank Sinatra's sixties parties so we

296
00:11:35,280 --> 00:11:33,430
stare at the end of the wall keep

297
00:11:37,170 --> 00:11:35,290
staring and what's happening it's still

298
00:11:42,810 --> 00:11:37,180
and we're moving right mmm but we're not

299
00:11:45,079 --> 00:11:42,820
wit perfectly stationary this is really

300
00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:45,089
trippy I'm kind of enjoying this good

301
00:12:06,870 --> 00:11:48,010
can you get one of these for huh yeah

302
00:12:08,819 --> 00:12:06,880
it's called a washing machine that's the

303
00:12:10,530 --> 00:12:08,829
Apollo 11 moon landing that reminds me

304
00:12:12,210 --> 00:12:10,540
we must talk to our arrow engineer

305
00:12:14,400 --> 00:12:12,220
friend that we had on a few months back

306
00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:14,410
who helped design the the low fuel

307
00:12:19,319 --> 00:12:16,450
warning for the Apollo capsule among

308
00:12:20,850 --> 00:12:19,329
other things but going into space it's a

309
00:12:22,920 --> 00:12:20,860
fairly risky business and when you're

310
00:12:24,900 --> 00:12:22,930
there I believe that one of the advice

311
00:12:26,400 --> 00:12:24,910
that you as we say have said in previous

312
00:12:28,410 --> 00:12:26,410
episodes not a real astronaut until

313
00:12:30,180 --> 00:12:28,420
you've used the space toilet if you're

314
00:12:31,829 --> 00:12:30,190
on the space station and of course I

315
00:12:33,360 --> 00:12:31,839
mentioned that they would not put brown

316
00:12:35,400 --> 00:12:33,370
eminem's and their em an impact because

317
00:12:37,560 --> 00:12:35,410
with what's going on in space you a

318
00:12:40,139 --> 00:12:37,570
weightless brown M&M may not be a brown

319
00:12:41,730 --> 00:12:40,149
M&M you'd want to be careful either I

320
00:12:43,380 --> 00:12:41,740
think they request the green ones my I

321
00:12:46,170 --> 00:12:43,390
would request we look at this here's a

322
00:12:48,360 --> 00:12:46,180
picture taken on the Apollo 11 mission

323
00:12:51,269 --> 00:12:48,370
it's Buzz Aldrin very it does look so

324
00:12:54,420 --> 00:12:51,279
much like a set gotta say it does but if

325
00:12:56,670 --> 00:12:54,430
you notice in his visor that is Neil

326
00:12:58,230 --> 00:12:56,680
Armstrong and I think if memory serves

327
00:12:59,850 --> 00:12:58,240
that's the only photograph of Neil

328
00:13:01,920 --> 00:12:59,860
Armstrong on the moon that one right

329
00:13:04,620 --> 00:13:01,930
there was he he got the camera he he he

330
00:13:06,150 --> 00:13:04,630
he got the hasselblad yeah great cameras

331
00:13:07,620 --> 00:13:06,160
absolutely and look at the quality of

332
00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:07,630
this photograph it's just it's just

333
00:13:10,830 --> 00:13:09,010
amazing it's

334
00:13:13,440 --> 00:13:10,840
amazing i do believe was to and quarter

335
00:13:15,030 --> 00:13:13,450
square negative and so part of the the

336
00:13:17,220 --> 00:13:15,040
moon landing hoax theories that the

337
00:13:19,230 --> 00:13:17,230
photos are so good and they are so well

338
00:13:20,610 --> 00:13:19,240
composed considering that Neil couldn't

339
00:13:21,600 --> 00:13:20,620
look through the viewfinder he had to

340
00:13:23,160 --> 00:13:21,610
shoot from the hip because it was

341
00:13:27,570 --> 00:13:23,170
attached to him he did a pretty good job

342
00:13:29,940 --> 00:13:27,580
but look no stars mmm whoa no stars and

343
00:13:31,530 --> 00:13:29,950
there are what is the reason that we get

344
00:13:33,540 --> 00:13:31,540
for that it's a reflection of the moon

345
00:13:35,490 --> 00:13:33,550
the sunlight on the moon and that black

346
00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:35,500
sea water reasoning from from memory

347
00:13:39,420 --> 00:13:36,850
partly because it's daylight it's

348
00:13:41,040 --> 00:13:39,430
daytime on the moon and the cameras

349
00:13:44,070 --> 00:13:41,050
weren't there to photograph stars they

350
00:13:46,260 --> 00:13:44,080
were calibrated for photographing the

351
00:13:47,730 --> 00:13:46,270
train and people yeah that's just a

352
00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:47,740
touch convenient but isn't it really

353
00:13:58,850 --> 00:13:49,810
really well next time I go to the moon

354
00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:00,780
don't you hate it when people make that

355
00:14:08,100 --> 00:14:03,010
noise next to you and the light's still

356
00:14:16,290 --> 00:14:14,670
oh look it's it's a rare chance for the

357
00:14:18,540 --> 00:14:16,300
powerhouse to work a bit blue tonight

358
00:14:21,800 --> 00:14:18,550
isn't it it is indeed we are a family

359
00:14:24,630 --> 00:14:21,810
museum and I think this is an adults

360
00:14:26,190 --> 00:14:24,640
adults evening so it gives us a chance

361
00:14:28,980 --> 00:14:26,200
to bring out some of the things that we

362
00:14:30,120 --> 00:14:28,990
wouldn't necessarily talk about or we

363
00:14:32,340 --> 00:14:30,130
don't have to spend so much time

364
00:14:33,930 --> 00:14:32,350
explaining them and module name so

365
00:14:36,329 --> 00:14:33,940
Matthew Connell what's your position

366
00:14:38,610 --> 00:14:36,339
here I'm senior curator here at the

367
00:14:40,829 --> 00:14:38,620
Museum Wow so all this stuff would this

368
00:14:42,480 --> 00:14:40,839
be in the cupboard marked do not touch

369
00:14:44,910 --> 00:14:42,490
beware of the coyote normally would it

370
00:14:47,100 --> 00:14:44,920
well actually everything's in a cupboard

371
00:14:48,420 --> 00:14:47,110
mark do not do an itouch that's right

372
00:14:50,519 --> 00:14:48,430
and you've all got your gloves on well

373
00:14:52,380 --> 00:14:50,529
let's start with this here yeah well

374
00:14:54,360 --> 00:14:52,390
that's a pretty impressive display

375
00:14:56,670 --> 00:14:54,370
you've got here what's this one down

376
00:14:59,250 --> 00:14:56,680
here now this this clearly doesn't work

377
00:15:01,079 --> 00:14:59,260
this is a defective unit you've got here

378
00:15:02,759 --> 00:15:01,089
there's a small human that's going to

379
00:15:04,170 --> 00:15:02,769
come out from what looks like between

380
00:15:05,340 --> 00:15:04,180
two legs here and clearly this is not

381
00:15:07,829 --> 00:15:05,350
going to this is a broken one that

382
00:15:10,800 --> 00:15:07,839
someone returned this is a teaching it's

383
00:15:13,490 --> 00:15:10,810
a it's called a phantom and it's an

384
00:15:16,800 --> 00:15:13,500
obstetric phantom and it's it's to

385
00:15:18,930 --> 00:15:16,810
demonstrate how babies come from the

386
00:15:22,980 --> 00:15:18,940
uterus and out through the vaginal canal

387
00:15:27,329 --> 00:15:22,990
and I know it looks a bit rudimentary

388
00:15:30,360 --> 00:15:27,339
but but that's what it's for and on they

389
00:15:34,110 --> 00:15:30,370
still have similar things today although

390
00:15:35,910 --> 00:15:34,120
this one has a particular look to it it

391
00:15:38,910 --> 00:15:35,920
does it get shown to anyone before they

392
00:15:40,530 --> 00:15:38,920
decide to have a child at all because it

393
00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:40,540
could be an effective it could be an

394
00:15:44,579 --> 00:15:42,250
effective contraceptive device in some

395
00:15:47,220 --> 00:15:44,589
ways now it's you might want to show it

396
00:15:50,069 --> 00:15:47,230
to apps you know young teens that you

397
00:15:53,579 --> 00:15:50,079
think ought to consider the matter twice

398
00:15:57,540 --> 00:15:53,589
it doesn't make childbirth look inviting

399
00:15:58,889 --> 00:15:57,550
no but but it is instructional and I

400
00:16:00,720 --> 00:15:58,899
mean no offers the opportunity to I

401
00:16:06,780 --> 00:16:00,730
guess to demonstrate different types of

402
00:16:08,639 --> 00:16:06,790
births breech births and added alike so

403
00:16:09,960 --> 00:16:08,649
there what else have you got here that

404
00:16:12,150 --> 00:16:09,970
this pretty fascinating I've seen the

405
00:16:13,319 --> 00:16:12,160
whole look what's a Tom of Finland thing

406
00:16:15,120 --> 00:16:13,329
down the end thing we've got the

407
00:16:17,130 --> 00:16:15,130
Canadian Mountie for Tom of Finland with

408
00:16:19,470 --> 00:16:17,140
the rather impressive cardboard penis

409
00:16:21,150 --> 00:16:19,480
well I have to say I'm

410
00:16:22,829 --> 00:16:21,160
I don't know much about Tom of Finland

411
00:16:26,519 --> 00:16:22,839
I'd probably have to hand over to my

412
00:16:28,860 --> 00:16:26,529
colleague Glennis who who acquired Tom

413
00:16:31,050 --> 00:16:28,870
of Finland and she can perhaps offer

414
00:16:33,300 --> 00:16:31,060
some explanation yeah I just like to ask

415
00:16:35,759 --> 00:16:33,310
Glenn is where did you get a life-sized

416
00:16:37,379 --> 00:16:35,769
Canadian Mountie with the stiffy or not

417
00:16:38,490 --> 00:16:37,389
stiffy because I believe you can put the

418
00:16:40,530 --> 00:16:38,500
stiff your way for the more

419
00:16:42,240 --> 00:16:40,540
child-friendly shows in the mountain can

420
00:16:45,689 --> 00:16:42,250
just have his undies on that's right

421
00:16:49,199 --> 00:16:45,699
it's by i'm brandon heath care who is a

422
00:16:52,650 --> 00:16:49,209
performance artist who used masking and

423
00:16:56,490 --> 00:16:52,660
character costumes too i guess provoke

424
00:16:58,560 --> 00:16:56,500
at some again lesbian mardi gras and gay

425
00:16:59,879 --> 00:16:58,570
events believe i spoke to him once when

426
00:17:01,680 --> 00:16:59,889
he was marching in the mardi gras with

427
00:17:03,060 --> 00:17:01,690
the with or gingham outfit yeah that's

428
00:17:05,250 --> 00:17:03,070
right we've got gingham in the

429
00:17:06,600 --> 00:17:05,260
collection as well and I guess these

430
00:17:09,120 --> 00:17:06,610
things can't come out very often because

431
00:17:11,909 --> 00:17:09,130
it's a family-friendly museum yeah we

432
00:17:15,630 --> 00:17:11,919
can adapt as we can adapt Tom to take

433
00:17:17,850 --> 00:17:15,640
his penis off so yeah he's available for

434
00:17:19,110 --> 00:17:17,860
different situations and what is that

435
00:17:22,020 --> 00:17:19,120
you've got next to it looks like a

436
00:17:24,090 --> 00:17:22,030
Madonna type outfit I thought why I only

437
00:17:27,600 --> 00:17:24,100
described at the moment what is that and

438
00:17:29,820 --> 00:17:27,610
that's of course it by Madame lash yes

439
00:17:34,860 --> 00:17:29,830
sydney fetish royalty yep that's right

440
00:17:36,450 --> 00:17:34,870
an artist and you can see in the 70s and

441
00:17:39,360 --> 00:17:36,460
80s she had a shop called game booths

442
00:17:41,310 --> 00:17:39,370
and she designed and made fetish outfits

443
00:17:44,310 --> 00:17:41,320
they're hand-painted with scenes from

444
00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:44,320
fetish comics so on the course it is

445
00:17:50,789 --> 00:17:48,730
sweet gwendoline who was a comic by a

446
00:17:54,990 --> 00:17:50,799
guy called John Willie and he did change

447
00:17:58,350 --> 00:17:55,000
his name to Willie okay and Gwendolyn

448
00:18:01,140 --> 00:17:58,360
Sablan she's always tied up and you 69's

449
00:18:03,120 --> 00:18:01,150
the maid who which her so that's the

450
00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:03,130
scene I can see what this stuff doesn't

451
00:18:05,850 --> 00:18:04,720
normally come out now tonight because

452
00:18:07,740 --> 00:18:05,860
you've got members of the public here

453
00:18:09,299 --> 00:18:07,750
one of everything on your bench has

454
00:18:10,919 --> 00:18:09,309
received the most interest what have

455
00:18:16,680 --> 00:18:10,929
been people talking and asking you about

456
00:18:18,299 --> 00:18:16,690
the most um box of bumps back it up the

457
00:18:19,950 --> 00:18:18,309
box of bummed yeah but have a look at

458
00:18:21,510 --> 00:18:19,960
this cuz I saw something look like

459
00:18:25,350 --> 00:18:21,520
chicken Phil it's here and I wonder all

460
00:18:27,960 --> 00:18:25,360
right this isn't all right okay what are

461
00:18:30,510 --> 00:18:27,970
they silicon bums are those ceramic bums

462
00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:30,520
ceramic ceramic done by

463
00:18:35,130 --> 00:18:33,580
Australian ceramicist Susan hat are they

464
00:18:37,530 --> 00:18:35,140
modeled on someone a little bit small

465
00:18:39,570 --> 00:18:37,540
who do their men's thumbs and you'll

466
00:18:42,540 --> 00:18:39,580
notice that they're multicultural bums

467
00:18:44,250 --> 00:18:42,550
there are true yeah and she was part of

468
00:18:47,070 --> 00:18:44,260
this I feel like listening to some world

469
00:18:51,030 --> 00:18:47,080
music just by looking at them she's out

470
00:18:53,160 --> 00:18:51,040
of the funk movement kind of taking the

471
00:18:54,900 --> 00:18:53,170
seriousness out of art and ceramics and

472
00:18:56,250 --> 00:18:54,910
well being a playful for standing in

473
00:18:57,390 --> 00:18:56,260
front of box of bums I don't think I

474
00:18:58,770 --> 00:18:57,400
could be serious or very long at all

475
00:19:01,590 --> 00:18:58,780
this is great it's like something from

476
00:19:02,940 --> 00:19:01,600
are you being served you know when they

477
00:19:04,440 --> 00:19:02,950
had the undies that went on the robot

478
00:19:05,790 --> 00:19:04,450
things that went back and forth I'm sure

479
00:19:08,460 --> 00:19:05,800
I saw something like that on display

480
00:19:09,840 --> 00:19:08,470
that's great it's it hard to keep a

481
00:19:11,400 --> 00:19:09,850
straight face on a show like this are

482
00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:11,410
you trying to be serious too serious you

483
00:19:14,880 --> 00:19:12,970
know curator when you're doing this kind

484
00:19:18,120 --> 00:19:14,890
of thing you here we have the box of

485
00:19:23,460 --> 00:19:18,130
bands figure Perry results right we'll

486
00:19:23,470 --> 00:19:40,150
you

487
00:19:44,270 --> 00:19:42,620
hey this is Jay novella from the

488
00:19:46,190 --> 00:19:44,280
skeptics guide to the universe podcast

489
00:19:48,050 --> 00:19:46,200
did you know that there are thousands of

490
00:19:49,760 --> 00:19:48,060
skeptical reports interviews and

491
00:19:52,460 --> 00:19:49,770
investigations going back to nineteen

492
00:19:55,730 --> 00:19:52,470
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493
00:19:57,650 --> 00:19:55,740
WC empathic CoA you click the

494
00:19:59,600 --> 00:19:57,660
publications link and enjoy almost every

495
00:20:01,580 --> 00:19:59,610
back issue of the skeptic the journal

496
00:20:03,110 --> 00:20:01,590
from Australian skeptics you can also

497
00:20:05,390 --> 00:20:03,120
subscribe online and get the latest

498
00:20:07,430 --> 00:20:05,400
digital or hard copy of this the world's

499
00:20:11,090 --> 00:20:07,440
second oldest skeptical magazine that's

500
00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:11,100
ww skeptics com a you or just google

501
00:20:26,810 --> 00:20:24,690
Australian skeptics welcome to a week in

502
00:20:29,210 --> 00:20:26,820
science from are ions bringing you the

503
00:20:31,040 --> 00:20:29,220
science you need to know do you ever see

504
00:20:33,710 --> 00:20:31,050
your cat or dog staring at something

505
00:20:35,930 --> 00:20:33,720
invisible it's pretty creepy but it made

506
00:20:44,820 --> 00:20:35,940
me wonder if animals can actually see

507
00:20:49,480 --> 00:20:47,380
first let's talk about how we see

508
00:20:52,030 --> 00:20:49,490
remember that the color of light is

509
00:20:54,250 --> 00:20:52,040
determined by its wavelength we have two

510
00:20:57,010 --> 00:20:54,260
types of receptor cells in our eyes to

511
00:20:58,930 --> 00:20:57,020
detect this light rod cells which detect

512
00:21:00,940 --> 00:20:58,940
how bright the light is and cone cells

513
00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:00,950
which detects the color of light by

514
00:21:05,500 --> 00:21:03,410
absorbing particular wavelengths human

515
00:21:07,660 --> 00:21:05,510
cone cells can detect red green and blue

516
00:21:09,220 --> 00:21:07,670
wavelengths and these can combine to

517
00:21:12,010 --> 00:21:09,230
give us any color in the visible

518
00:21:14,980 --> 00:21:12,020
spectrum but the visible spectrum only

519
00:21:16,990 --> 00:21:14,990
applies to humans very presumptuous many

520
00:21:18,610 --> 00:21:17,000
animals can see in wavelengths outside

521
00:21:22,270 --> 00:21:18,620
the visible spectrum we're actually

522
00:21:24,220 --> 00:21:22,280
missing out our red light receptors

523
00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:24,230
evolved after primates diverged from

524
00:21:29,080 --> 00:21:26,690
other mammals like cats and dogs meaning

525
00:21:30,970 --> 00:21:29,090
that they can't see Reds but recent

526
00:21:33,430 --> 00:21:30,980
research is revealing that many of these

527
00:21:35,350 --> 00:21:33,440
mammals can see UV light instead which

528
00:21:38,140 --> 00:21:35,360
is invisible to us and our primate

529
00:21:40,060 --> 00:21:38,150
relatives birds get even more again with

530
00:21:43,210 --> 00:21:40,070
an additional cone cell receptor that

531
00:21:45,940 --> 00:21:43,220
allows them to see violet plus lots and

532
00:21:47,890 --> 00:21:45,950
lots of birds seen uv2 kestrels and

533
00:21:50,050 --> 00:21:47,900
hawks for example can detect where

534
00:21:52,210 --> 00:21:50,060
rodents of being because their urine

535
00:21:54,040 --> 00:21:52,220
trails reflect UV light it's like a

536
00:21:57,010 --> 00:21:54,050
glowing map that shows their preys

537
00:21:59,800 --> 00:21:57,020
location from huge distances butterflies

538
00:22:01,960 --> 00:21:59,810
and bees also detect UV allowing them to

539
00:22:04,210 --> 00:22:01,970
see patterns on flowers that look plain

540
00:22:05,800 --> 00:22:04,220
yellow or white to us directing them

541
00:22:08,440 --> 00:22:05,810
straight to the juicy nectar or pollen

542
00:22:10,070 --> 00:22:08,450
and now for fast facts about animal

543
00:22:12,889 --> 00:22:10,080
vision

544
00:22:14,899 --> 00:22:12,899
while caps can't see red they do have

545
00:22:16,730 --> 00:22:14,909
more rod receptors than us meaning

546
00:22:18,159 --> 00:22:16,740
they're more sensitive to light and can

547
00:22:21,289 --> 00:22:18,169
see better than us when it's dark

548
00:22:22,970 --> 00:22:21,299
Viper's pythons and Boas have pits on

549
00:22:25,340 --> 00:22:22,980
their face containing membranes that

550
00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:25,350
detect long infrared wavelengths more

551
00:22:29,259 --> 00:22:27,090
commonly known as heat letting them

552
00:22:32,330 --> 00:22:29,269
detect warm bodies up to one meter away

553
00:22:34,909 --> 00:22:32,340
snow reflects UV light while whiteford

554
00:22:36,769 --> 00:22:34,919
doesn't so seeing in the UV is pretty

555
00:22:38,240 --> 00:22:36,779
helpful if you have a white polar bear

556
00:22:40,909 --> 00:22:38,250
stalking you which would be almost

557
00:22:43,159 --> 00:22:40,919
invisible to our eyes and while animals

558
00:22:45,769 --> 00:22:43,169
often see a more colorful world it can

559
00:22:47,990 --> 00:22:45,779
also be a bit fuzzy whereas humans see

560
00:22:50,060 --> 00:22:48,000
incredibly clearly that's it for this

561
00:22:51,980 --> 00:22:50,070
week in science for more information on

562
00:22:55,340 --> 00:22:51,990
how animals see the world go to the

563
00:22:57,980 --> 00:22:55,350
Orioles website I a u.s. stud org dot a

564
00:23:00,560 --> 00:22:57,990
you follow us on twitter at arias and

565
00:23:14,760 --> 00:23:00,570
like us on facebook i'm karen groom and

566
00:23:32,750 --> 00:23:27,539
on Maynard com Donna you hey you its

567
00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:36,620
made out here with

568
00:23:36,630 --> 00:23:43,160
hunger come back episode 6

569
00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:45,080
great news theme song we got there Tim

570
00:23:49,580 --> 00:23:47,010
great new theme song very happy with a

571
00:23:51,530 --> 00:23:49,590
new theme song bunga bunga Island is the

572
00:23:54,950 --> 00:23:51,540
place where we decide who stays who goes

573
00:23:57,680 --> 00:23:54,960
what's hot what's hotter what's yellow I

574
00:23:59,750 --> 00:23:57,690
mean just really what really is yellow

575
00:24:02,810 --> 00:23:59,760
empirically will answer all these

576
00:24:10,480 --> 00:24:02,820
questions and yours right here on bunga

577
00:24:13,840 --> 00:24:10,490
bunga here's may not spooky action at

578
00:24:16,330 --> 00:24:13,850
the distance

579
00:24:17,710 --> 00:24:16,340
but a lot of people wander through life

580
00:24:20,110 --> 00:24:17,720
and they want to know what's the point

581
00:24:22,299 --> 00:24:20,120
why am I doing this show really be here

582
00:24:23,770 --> 00:24:22,309
why should not just be under the blanket

583
00:24:24,820 --> 00:24:23,780
at home asleep well that's kind of what

584
00:24:26,440 --> 00:24:24,830
I'm going to be asking the bunch of

585
00:24:28,870 --> 00:24:26,450
people here at skeptics at the pub at

586
00:24:30,850 --> 00:24:28,880
Sydney skeptic to the pub we've got lots

587
00:24:33,010 --> 00:24:30,860
of people here tonight we've got Joe

588
00:24:34,750 --> 00:24:33,020
hello Joe hi hello may not I'm great how

589
00:24:36,760 --> 00:24:34,760
are you oh pretty good i've been asking

590
00:24:38,500 --> 00:24:36,770
people pretty much is what's the point

591
00:24:40,270 --> 00:24:38,510
of being a skeptic now why continue to

592
00:24:44,289 --> 00:24:40,280
be a skeptic why is there still a need

593
00:24:45,789 --> 00:24:44,299
to be one because frankly and with my

594
00:24:47,200 --> 00:24:45,799
greatest apologies to reach it here

595
00:24:50,529 --> 00:24:47,210
because you might have to put a beep in

596
00:24:51,700 --> 00:24:50,539
that's a lot of out there there is no

597
00:24:53,470 --> 00:24:51,710
you're making people making stuff up

598
00:24:56,020 --> 00:24:53,480
still you think people are still making

599
00:24:58,600 --> 00:24:56,030
stuff up Joe then they can stop up and

600
00:25:00,430 --> 00:24:58,610
they're believing it sometimes yes okay

601
00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:00,440
and what's the one you you fight

602
00:25:05,919 --> 00:25:03,770
personally you think the big way my big

603
00:25:09,279 --> 00:25:05,929
one does tend to be the anti-vaccination

604
00:25:10,480 --> 00:25:09,289
movement I'll say a bit I I tend to get

605
00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:10,490
pulled into anything health-related

606
00:25:16,539 --> 00:25:13,010
that's where I really get frustrated and

607
00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:16,549
a bit passionate yes Peter over here mr.

608
00:25:21,010 --> 00:25:19,250
ratbag now why should we continue to be

609
00:25:23,560 --> 00:25:21,020
skeptics when we could be doing

610
00:25:26,350 --> 00:25:23,570
something else involving a pool and

611
00:25:28,000 --> 00:25:26,360
drinks well I think I can still hit the

612
00:25:30,549 --> 00:25:28,010
pool and drinks in around the skepticism

613
00:25:33,310 --> 00:25:30,559
Isaac good good point sir the saddest

614
00:25:35,380 --> 00:25:33,320
book I've ever read in my life is dads

615
00:25:37,510 --> 00:25:35,390
and fallacies by martin gardner it was

616
00:25:40,060 --> 00:25:37,520
published in nineteen fifty two parts of

617
00:25:41,830 --> 00:25:40,070
catch-22 are pretty sad that why this is

618
00:25:43,810 --> 00:25:41,840
sad which published in nineteen fifty

619
00:25:46,799 --> 00:25:43,820
two and you read it that reads like

620
00:25:49,060 --> 00:25:46,809
today almost nothing in it as going away

621
00:25:51,669 --> 00:25:49,070
and so I don't think well they'll ever

622
00:25:54,190 --> 00:25:51,679
be a time when skepticism runs out of

623
00:25:55,390 --> 00:25:54,200
things to do I think they're back then

624
00:25:56,919 --> 00:25:55,400
you might have had a bit of more of the

625
00:25:59,440 --> 00:25:56,929
phrenology where the bumps on the head

626
00:26:01,720 --> 00:25:59,450
you might add more that then a lot of

627
00:26:04,779 --> 00:26:01,730
the stuff in that book is about religion

628
00:26:06,460 --> 00:26:04,789
about met health that medical things

629
00:26:08,680 --> 00:26:06,470
some of that stuff tear has been around

630
00:26:11,620 --> 00:26:08,690
forever I just never goes away is there

631
00:26:12,760 --> 00:26:11,630
any new sort of whew that's that's comin

632
00:26:14,350 --> 00:26:12,770
lately that you're gone well there's a

633
00:26:17,380 --> 00:26:14,360
new one or you reckon you've seen it all

634
00:26:19,919 --> 00:26:17,390
oh I think that there's the blue people

635
00:26:21,269 --> 00:26:19,929
are enormously imaginative and creative

636
00:26:23,419 --> 00:26:21,279
I've been something that didn't exist 20

637
00:26:25,710 --> 00:26:23,429
years ago is a cause wind farm syndrome

638
00:26:29,789 --> 00:26:25,720
where people can invent these new

639
00:26:30,930 --> 00:26:29,799
diseases that come along we've never

640
00:26:33,539 --> 00:26:30,940
heard of these things before but

641
00:26:36,330 --> 00:26:33,549
suddenly they're there and there's a

642
00:26:37,649 --> 00:26:36,340
mess of cures for them as well so I mean

643
00:26:39,330 --> 00:26:37,659
and of course they're also other things

644
00:26:41,129 --> 00:26:39,340
which as well as their hundreds of cures

645
00:26:44,999 --> 00:26:41,139
for things are also things which are

646
00:26:48,570 --> 00:26:45,009
cures for everything up I'll just wander

647
00:26:50,369 --> 00:26:48,580
around the table here oh how are you huh

648
00:26:52,710 --> 00:26:50,379
look why do you think we should still

649
00:26:55,409 --> 00:26:52,720
still be skeptics here like your group

650
00:26:57,779 --> 00:26:55,419
you're an engineer with a bit of physics

651
00:27:00,330 --> 00:26:57,789
action going on there and and you talk

652
00:27:02,190 --> 00:27:00,340
about the three-legged stool a lot why

653
00:27:03,749 --> 00:27:02,200
should we still be skeptics a favor I

654
00:27:06,149 --> 00:27:03,759
think the main reason is that we can

655
00:27:09,480 --> 00:27:06,159
have an enjoyable evening out among

656
00:27:11,399 --> 00:27:09,490
friends with no delusions see right fair

657
00:27:13,560 --> 00:27:11,409
enough everything has to be supported by

658
00:27:17,070 --> 00:27:13,570
evidence that's right had at least no

659
00:27:18,659 --> 00:27:17,080
delusions about the paranormal what is

660
00:27:20,340 --> 00:27:18,669
the thing that you've encountered lately

661
00:27:22,289 --> 00:27:20,350
that has been putting we've filled up

662
00:27:24,749 --> 00:27:22,299
okay well this one that we looked at

663
00:27:26,970 --> 00:27:24,759
which was the ability to back

664
00:27:29,220 --> 00:27:26,980
conversations using a very high

665
00:27:31,470 --> 00:27:29,230
resolution camera that can even pick up

666
00:27:33,210 --> 00:27:31,480
the vibrations on a piece of paper yes

667
00:27:34,409 --> 00:27:33,220
now yes this story came out a little

668
00:27:36,720 --> 00:27:34,419
while ago we're looking at a camera

669
00:27:39,570 --> 00:27:36,730
that's going a couple of hundreds of

670
00:27:41,639 --> 00:27:39,580
thousand frames a second isn't it oh yes

671
00:27:42,989 --> 00:27:41,649
or at least twenty thousand frames a

672
00:27:45,389 --> 00:27:42,999
second too if you want to capture all of

673
00:27:47,039 --> 00:27:45,399
the audio spectrum but but even 10,000

674
00:27:49,049 --> 00:27:47,049
frames a second to get you good quality

675
00:27:51,509 --> 00:27:49,059
sound and is this something that's

676
00:27:53,820 --> 00:27:51,519
actually doable well unlike most things

677
00:27:55,710 --> 00:27:53,830
are skeptics here's a bit yes it's been

678
00:27:58,169 --> 00:27:55,720
done by some University people and the

679
00:28:01,409 --> 00:27:58,179
physics is all sound and their tests

680
00:28:03,930 --> 00:28:01,419
look quite robust okay cool thanks for

681
00:28:05,609 --> 00:28:03,940
that okay you're welcome now you're over

682
00:28:07,470 --> 00:28:05,619
here in the corner getting stuck into

683
00:28:09,269 --> 00:28:07,480
your your pastor there and we do mean

684
00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:09,279
that we don't mean in a theological time

685
00:28:15,299 --> 00:28:11,440
you mean the kind you eat and why should

686
00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:15,309
we still be skeptics um I guess I on

687
00:28:20,460 --> 00:28:18,490
from katoomba and so my views are

688
00:28:22,169 --> 00:28:20,470
heavily influenced by where I live which

689
00:28:23,340 --> 00:28:22,179
means you get pretty cold at night so

690
00:28:26,340 --> 00:28:23,350
does that mean you're more skeptical

691
00:28:29,099 --> 00:28:26,350
during a day or what a man consumed by

692
00:28:30,450 --> 00:28:29,109
the 2780 postcode that we live in has

693
00:28:32,490 --> 00:28:30,460
one of the lowest vaccination

694
00:28:34,920 --> 00:28:32,500
it's in the country our vaccination

695
00:28:36,540 --> 00:28:34,930
rates are about 75 to 80 percent so how

696
00:28:38,730 --> 00:28:36,550
do they stack up against the north coast

697
00:28:40,470 --> 00:28:38,740
ones are also known to be low they're

698
00:28:42,360 --> 00:28:40,480
actually much better than the north

699
00:28:43,500 --> 00:28:42,370
coast we're actually started we in

700
00:28:46,050 --> 00:28:43,510
consumer actually much better than the

701
00:28:48,660 --> 00:28:46,060
north coast but compared to the rest of

702
00:28:49,730 --> 00:28:48,670
the country it's woeful and I believe we

703
00:28:53,430 --> 00:28:49,740
need about ninety-five percent

704
00:28:55,740 --> 00:28:53,440
vaccination rate for herd immunity so my

705
00:28:57,330 --> 00:28:55,750
community is at risk the children in my

706
00:28:59,370 --> 00:28:57,340
community and the elderly particularly

707
00:29:01,110 --> 00:28:59,380
or at risk so you get out there in the

708
00:29:02,910 --> 00:29:01,120
street and go hey if you had the jab or

709
00:29:04,380 --> 00:29:02,920
ever had your kids had the jab have you

710
00:29:06,420 --> 00:29:04,390
gone low believe you tried wrong with

711
00:29:08,370 --> 00:29:06,430
anybody look I haven't and what we need

712
00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:08,380
to do is to have it is to start a

713
00:29:13,440 --> 00:29:10,630
strategic campaign we need to include

714
00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:13,450
the GPS we need to have public forums we

715
00:29:18,450 --> 00:29:15,730
need to do a Facebook campaign but I

716
00:29:20,940 --> 00:29:18,460
have started I have started expressing

717
00:29:23,670 --> 00:29:20,950
my views on facebook and I didn't used

718
00:29:25,110 --> 00:29:23,680
to do that I used to to keep that to

719
00:29:27,180 --> 00:29:25,120
myself because there was so much

720
00:29:29,460 --> 00:29:27,190
opposition in my own community but I

721
00:29:32,460 --> 00:29:29,470
decided that children dying was probably

722
00:29:35,880 --> 00:29:32,470
more important than keeping friends cook

723
00:29:39,000 --> 00:29:35,890
pot in the womb thank you will try know

724
00:29:40,740 --> 00:29:39,010
who have we got here Claire Claire now

725
00:29:42,540 --> 00:29:40,750
why do you think we should be skeptics

726
00:29:43,740 --> 00:29:42,550
in 2014 what is the need for people to

727
00:29:45,390 --> 00:29:43,750
go around going could you show us

728
00:29:46,620 --> 00:29:45,400
evidence what is the need for that why

729
00:29:48,390 --> 00:29:46,630
do we need to bother people why do we

730
00:29:49,770 --> 00:29:48,400
need to annoy people like that because

731
00:29:52,890 --> 00:29:49,780
there's a lot of baloney that goes

732
00:29:57,600 --> 00:29:52,900
around alone yes salami now what's look

733
00:29:59,850 --> 00:29:57,610
at what to carry on that annoys you well

734
00:30:01,770 --> 00:29:59,860
I'm a teacher and my students always

735
00:30:05,220 --> 00:30:01,780
come up and go do you believe in the

736
00:30:07,110 --> 00:30:05,230
Bible or in evolution and we have a

737
00:30:10,740 --> 00:30:07,120
brilliant lesson absolutely brilliant

738
00:30:14,300 --> 00:30:10,750
lesson about how our brains are really

739
00:30:16,620 --> 00:30:14,310
fitted for storytelling and for you know

740
00:30:18,630 --> 00:30:16,630
investigating the world in a in a way

741
00:30:21,180 --> 00:30:18,640
that allowed our ancestors to survive

742
00:30:23,100 --> 00:30:21,190
but that's not a modern city environment

743
00:30:27,030 --> 00:30:23,110
we have to be aware of how our brains

744
00:30:29,010 --> 00:30:27,040
work and aware of how our mind can play

745
00:30:30,270 --> 00:30:29,020
tricks on us sometimes or can want to

746
00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:30,280
see something where there isn't

747
00:30:35,130 --> 00:30:32,770
something or can want to have a

748
00:30:37,350 --> 00:30:35,140
particular experience and in a modern

749
00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:37,360
city world we really have to be aware of

750
00:30:41,690 --> 00:30:40,930
how we function as human beings in their

751
00:30:43,279 --> 00:30:41,700
world

752
00:30:45,049 --> 00:30:43,289
working with primary school kids or high

753
00:30:47,149 --> 00:30:45,059
school kids high school kids kids who

754
00:30:48,710 --> 00:30:47,159
are troubled who have discipline

755
00:30:52,039 --> 00:30:48,720
problems behavior problems their kids

756
00:30:55,850 --> 00:30:52,049
who are on the real edge the the

757
00:30:57,919 --> 00:30:55,860
coalface so there's no BS because they

758
00:31:01,730 --> 00:30:57,929
are better at BS than you are so you

759
00:31:03,889 --> 00:31:01,740
have to does this make them more

760
00:31:05,389 --> 00:31:03,899
predisposed to believing whoo or less

761
00:31:07,789 --> 00:31:05,399
because they've got a bit more of a

762
00:31:11,990 --> 00:31:07,799
gritty by both sides of life sort of

763
00:31:15,860 --> 00:31:12,000
aspect both they're more exposed because

764
00:31:17,810 --> 00:31:15,870
they're they want anything and they

765
00:31:20,840 --> 00:31:17,820
don't have anything and so anything that

766
00:31:22,909 --> 00:31:20,850
sounds good they want to grab on to but

767
00:31:25,220 --> 00:31:22,919
also their their BS meter is highly

768
00:31:27,860 --> 00:31:25,230
attuned so they you just point out to

769
00:31:29,149 --> 00:31:27,870
them slightly one aspect of something

770
00:31:31,700 --> 00:31:29,159
that doesn't make sense and there and

771
00:31:33,649 --> 00:31:31,710
they understand it and what what's your

772
00:31:35,149 --> 00:31:33,659
favorite subject to teach to is a one

773
00:31:36,409 --> 00:31:35,159
aspect of science that you like getting

774
00:31:38,120 --> 00:31:36,419
over to the kids or was it more a

775
00:31:39,919 --> 00:31:38,130
philosophical critical thinking thing

776
00:31:42,919 --> 00:31:39,929
you're trying to push well my original

777
00:31:44,299 --> 00:31:42,929
training is in the fine arts I don't

778
00:31:49,789 --> 00:31:44,309
have science training I have science

779
00:31:53,690 --> 00:31:49,799
interest and I started out being at art

780
00:31:55,909 --> 00:31:53,700
teacher who then went out and did

781
00:31:57,320 --> 00:31:55,919
science talks and things about dinosaurs

782
00:32:01,940 --> 00:31:57,330
and so on and then I got this job at the

783
00:32:03,259 --> 00:32:01,950
school and my predilection for being

784
00:32:07,159 --> 00:32:03,269
very excited about something I'm

785
00:32:11,180 --> 00:32:07,169
interested in then you know makes it a

786
00:32:12,950 --> 00:32:11,190
good thing in my school because me I put

787
00:32:15,500 --> 00:32:12,960
over a sense of excitement and interest

788
00:32:17,450 --> 00:32:15,510
in whatever it is that I'm doing so the

789
00:32:18,259 --> 00:32:17,460
key to pick up on that well look well I

790
00:32:21,379 --> 00:32:18,269
think we're gonna talk to you again

791
00:32:25,340 --> 00:32:21,389
because you got lots of stories yeah

792
00:32:26,990 --> 00:32:25,350
okay thank you well I've just learned a

793
00:32:29,210 --> 00:32:27,000
lot of things I didn't know we've got

794
00:32:31,279 --> 00:32:29,220
someone here who has been at University

795
00:32:33,080 --> 00:32:31,289
for longer than the day I was there we

796
00:32:36,139 --> 00:32:33,090
have someone who has slippered frogs and

797
00:32:37,820 --> 00:32:36,149
has been tripping balls from frogs dr.

798
00:32:39,320 --> 00:32:37,830
jody royal ever got the name correct

799
00:32:41,149 --> 00:32:39,330
borrelli yeah I don't have that

800
00:32:42,799 --> 00:32:41,159
introduction before though that's a good

801
00:32:43,909 --> 00:32:42,809
one but those things are true you have

802
00:32:45,139 --> 00:32:43,919
like you've had well there's such a

803
00:32:47,509 --> 00:32:45,149
great frog I got to keep it here my

804
00:32:49,100 --> 00:32:47,519
sleeping bag I have I didn't want to

805
00:32:50,090 --> 00:32:49,110
lose it so I had to sort of keep it in

806
00:32:51,379 --> 00:32:50,100
the sleeping bag next to me in the

807
00:32:52,940 --> 00:32:51,389
plastic bag to make sure it didn't get

808
00:32:54,420 --> 00:32:52,950
away that's great as I which is much

809
00:32:56,980 --> 00:32:54,430
better than kissing a frog as you

810
00:32:58,930 --> 00:32:56,990
well I'm happy to do both frogs are

811
00:33:00,550 --> 00:32:58,940
amazing what you've done by proxy now

812
00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:00,560
it's a story about you eating lollies

813
00:33:04,030 --> 00:33:02,090
and tripping and having audio

814
00:33:06,220 --> 00:33:04,040
hallucinations cuz that's somewhere I

815
00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:06,230
want to go well that was back in the day

816
00:33:11,050 --> 00:33:08,450
and I definitely don't recommend it we

817
00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:11,060
were measuring a bunch of frogs and I

818
00:33:15,100 --> 00:33:13,010
was also eating Molly's at the same time

819
00:33:17,230 --> 00:33:15,110
and then it was audible that would not

820
00:33:18,370 --> 00:33:17,240
been a good thing to do but two or three

821
00:33:19,930 --> 00:33:18,380
o'clock in the morning you've got to

822
00:33:23,020 --> 00:33:19,940
have something to keep you awake until i

823
00:33:24,430 --> 00:33:23,030
was eating sugar and and then for about

824
00:33:27,340 --> 00:33:24,440
another 10 hours later I could hear

825
00:33:29,320 --> 00:33:27,350
frogs everywhere so i'm i'm not sure but

826
00:33:32,200 --> 00:33:29,330
like there was just frogs calling

827
00:33:33,850 --> 00:33:32,210
everywhere and one of my friends later

828
00:33:35,350 --> 00:33:33,860
told me that apparently auditory

829
00:33:37,930 --> 00:33:35,360
hallucinations are more common than

830
00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:37,940
visual like i don't know about this and

831
00:33:41,920 --> 00:33:40,010
yes because people are you know suppose

832
00:33:43,660 --> 00:33:41,930
lick toes and have all sorts of trip and

833
00:33:45,040 --> 00:33:43,670
the reason that you would have a weird

834
00:33:46,480 --> 00:33:45,050
reaction from licking a toad is not

835
00:33:48,250 --> 00:33:46,490
necessarily because of a hallucinogenic

836
00:33:50,440 --> 00:33:48,260
property but because of anything can

837
00:33:51,640 --> 00:33:50,450
live on them as it right I'd say it's

838
00:33:53,440 --> 00:33:51,650
much more likely to do with the things

839
00:33:55,990 --> 00:33:53,450
they're secreting from their skin so

840
00:33:57,070 --> 00:33:56,000
frogs are basically agar plates and and

841
00:33:58,180 --> 00:33:57,080
they're these sort of wet things that

842
00:34:00,010 --> 00:33:58,190
hop around the ground that should be

843
00:34:02,740 --> 00:34:00,020
infected by everything but they have all

844
00:34:04,420 --> 00:34:02,750
these amazing chemicals peptides things

845
00:34:06,940 --> 00:34:04,430
on their skin to stop them from getting

846
00:34:08,650 --> 00:34:06,950
infected so they have sunscreens they

847
00:34:11,290 --> 00:34:08,660
have antibacterials they have things are

848
00:34:13,750 --> 00:34:11,300
being looked in for HIV cancer research

849
00:34:15,669 --> 00:34:13,760
they're amazing um and so some of these

850
00:34:18,520 --> 00:34:15,679
things may also have potentially

851
00:34:20,890 --> 00:34:18,530
hallucinogenic effects Wow look and JD

852
00:34:22,090 --> 00:34:20,900
one thing I got I wonder what excited

853
00:34:23,770 --> 00:34:22,100
you about frogs you been to Vietnam

854
00:34:25,419 --> 00:34:23,780
you've been to Asia really interested in

855
00:34:28,090 --> 00:34:25,429
frog conservation and amphibian

856
00:34:30,520 --> 00:34:28,100
conservation why amphibians I mean the

857
00:34:32,080 --> 00:34:30,530
honey badgers pretty exciting the honey

858
00:34:34,330 --> 00:34:32,090
badger is maybe if I got into the honey

859
00:34:36,250 --> 00:34:34,340
badger before the frogs but I guess it

860
00:34:38,770 --> 00:34:36,260
was a combination of things eyeballs and

861
00:34:41,440 --> 00:34:38,780
toe pads like frogs amphibians they're

862
00:34:43,600 --> 00:34:41,450
just amazing first off and secondly

863
00:34:45,820 --> 00:34:43,610
they're in so much trouble so they're

864
00:34:47,530 --> 00:34:45,830
these amazing creatures that basically

865
00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:47,540
can't do anyone anyone harm they don't

866
00:34:51,220 --> 00:34:49,010
bite they don't do anything and they're

867
00:34:53,020 --> 00:34:51,230
literally you know becoming extinct in

868
00:34:54,610 --> 00:34:53,030
front of our eyes so one third of all

869
00:34:58,780 --> 00:34:54,620
and phibian certain of the extinction

870
00:35:01,930 --> 00:34:58,790
it's terrifying and so I decided I guess

871
00:35:04,450 --> 00:35:01,940
to dedicate my life my research to try

872
00:35:05,860 --> 00:35:04,460
and promote their conservation try and

873
00:35:08,150 --> 00:35:05,870
find as much information about them as

874
00:35:09,950 --> 00:35:08,160
possible discover the amazing new speed

875
00:35:11,660 --> 00:35:09,960
cease and just amazing species of

876
00:35:13,430 --> 00:35:11,670
amphibian out there tell other people

877
00:35:15,440 --> 00:35:13,440
how often they are and then try and work

878
00:35:17,000 --> 00:35:15,450
towards their conservation and skeptics

879
00:35:19,039 --> 00:35:17,010
earn listeners she's not mucking about

880
00:35:21,500 --> 00:35:19,049
how many species have you discovered

881
00:35:23,299 --> 00:35:21,510
personally so far I've described or

882
00:35:25,420 --> 00:35:23,309
discovered and described 14 new species

883
00:35:28,400 --> 00:35:25,430
of frog most of them from Vietnam

884
00:35:30,380 --> 00:35:28,410
amongst them the vampire flying frog hey

885
00:35:32,390 --> 00:35:30,390
and what did you do today listener hey I

886
00:35:34,279 --> 00:35:32,400
think I've had a vampire flying frog I'm

887
00:35:36,799 --> 00:35:34,289
thinking two things big teeth blood

888
00:35:39,710 --> 00:35:36,809
sucking and just going like all hell

889
00:35:42,740 --> 00:35:39,720
through the air ah turn that down a

890
00:35:45,680 --> 00:35:42,750
little bit a break for you well a brick

891
00:35:47,660 --> 00:35:45,690
red frog with big hands and webbing on

892
00:35:49,579 --> 00:35:47,670
the hands and feet that it uses to glide

893
00:35:51,950 --> 00:35:49,589
from the tree so it's adapted for life

894
00:35:53,510 --> 00:35:51,960
in the trees about five centimeters big

895
00:35:55,789 --> 00:35:53,520
sit comfortably on the palm of your hand

896
00:35:58,190 --> 00:35:55,799
totally friendly no problems there but

897
00:36:00,799 --> 00:35:58,200
the tadpoles which are found in really

898
00:36:03,140 --> 00:36:00,809
small holes in trees that are filled

899
00:36:06,140 --> 00:36:03,150
with water have curved black fangs

900
00:36:08,870 --> 00:36:06,150
sticking out of their mouths okay why

901
00:36:10,940 --> 00:36:08,880
you said you said you sent the photos of

902
00:36:13,069 --> 00:36:10,950
these tadpoles to a tadpole expert one

903
00:36:16,099 --> 00:36:13,079
of only two in the world and he replied

904
00:36:17,510 --> 00:36:16,109
to you in all caps now 76 year old guys

905
00:36:19,190 --> 00:36:17,520
can do that just by leaning on the wrong

906
00:36:21,799 --> 00:36:19,200
key sometimes but he was really excited

907
00:36:23,420 --> 00:36:21,809
that's great he was really excited and

908
00:36:26,710 --> 00:36:23,430
together we published a paper it was

909
00:36:29,660 --> 00:36:26,720
with a strangest tadpole in the world so

910
00:36:31,279 --> 00:36:29,670
the reason it's not for blood sucking

911
00:36:32,809 --> 00:36:31,289
which makes a much cooler story I've got

912
00:36:34,880 --> 00:36:32,819
to admit but it actually makes frogs way

913
00:36:36,500 --> 00:36:34,890
more friendly so there's no food in the

914
00:36:38,390 --> 00:36:36,510
tree holes that the tadpoles live in

915
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:38,400
there's packed full of tadpoles nothing

916
00:36:43,660 --> 00:36:41,010
to eat the mother vampire flying frog

917
00:36:45,950 --> 00:36:43,670
comes back and feeds her babies

918
00:36:47,299 --> 00:36:45,960
unfertilized eggs and they're really

919
00:36:49,010 --> 00:36:47,309
hard to get hold off if you've got a

920
00:36:51,950 --> 00:36:49,020
silly little bit cloak mouth but most

921
00:36:54,440 --> 00:36:51,960
had poles have so the tadpoles have over

922
00:36:56,750 --> 00:36:54,450
time developed fangs to hook the egg and

923
00:36:59,900 --> 00:36:56,760
suck it down their big mouth and so that

924
00:37:01,460 --> 00:36:59,910
the mums feeding a babies let's talk

925
00:37:03,289 --> 00:37:01,470
evolution here this is where we get our

926
00:37:05,089 --> 00:37:03,299
chance to bag on Europe Europe

927
00:37:06,410 --> 00:37:05,099
apparently has crap frogs Southeast

928
00:37:08,599 --> 00:37:06,420
Asia's where it's at not too much

929
00:37:10,099 --> 00:37:08,609
Australia but Southeast Asia just wipes

930
00:37:12,740 --> 00:37:10,109
the floor with European frogs because

931
00:37:14,809 --> 00:37:12,750
they're rubbish I wouldn't go so far

932
00:37:18,220 --> 00:37:14,819
from you you you inferred that in your

933
00:37:20,200 --> 00:37:18,230
lecture you said European stuffs rubbish

934
00:37:22,750 --> 00:37:20,210
I think you're putting words into my

935
00:37:24,760 --> 00:37:22,760
mouth I did I did show you the frog from

936
00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:24,770
Europe that carries its eggs around on

937
00:37:29,170 --> 00:37:26,450
its back that is I thought ordinary I

938
00:37:32,140 --> 00:37:29,180
booed that frog midwife oh it's pretty

939
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:32,150
cool it's okay but color-wise actually

940
00:37:36,220 --> 00:37:33,530
Central America is probably where the

941
00:37:38,470 --> 00:37:36,230
colors at I love Southeast Asian throats

942
00:37:40,540 --> 00:37:38,480
but Central America has these frogs that

943
00:37:42,550 --> 00:37:40,550
hop around during the day no poison dart

944
00:37:44,650 --> 00:37:42,560
frogs that are red and blue and Koreans

945
00:37:46,450 --> 00:37:44,660
stripy and it's insane to me even

946
00:37:49,240 --> 00:37:46,460
without humans why don't birds eat them

947
00:37:50,560 --> 00:37:49,250
because seed them well that's the point

948
00:37:51,820 --> 00:37:50,570
the only ones that hop around in the day

949
00:37:53,140 --> 00:37:51,830
and a brightly colored it because

950
00:37:56,200 --> 00:37:53,150
they're actually poisonous so they you

951
00:37:57,670 --> 00:37:56,210
don't care the frogs are advertising

952
00:37:59,800 --> 00:37:57,680
that they poisonous by their bright

953
00:38:02,380 --> 00:37:59,810
colors so they're like strutting around

954
00:38:04,090 --> 00:38:02,390
proud gun check me out definitely but

955
00:38:06,070 --> 00:38:04,100
there are some frogs that see that and

956
00:38:07,390 --> 00:38:06,080
then evolution happens and and they

957
00:38:08,770 --> 00:38:07,400
actually start to look like and

958
00:38:10,840 --> 00:38:08,780
salamanders as well they look like

959
00:38:12,670 --> 00:38:10,850
they're poisonous counterparts and the

960
00:38:14,109 --> 00:38:12,680
Predators think oh look at you you're

961
00:38:15,970 --> 00:38:14,119
you know brightly colored as well I

962
00:38:17,920 --> 00:38:15,980
won't eat you but actually they're just

963
00:38:19,599 --> 00:38:17,930
mimicking the poisonous one and getting

964
00:38:21,460 --> 00:38:19,609
away with it without having to invest in

965
00:38:23,890 --> 00:38:21,470
all those chemicals in their skin that's

966
00:38:26,050 --> 00:38:23,900
so cool and so why are European frogs

967
00:38:28,300 --> 00:38:26,060
not as very doors as colorful just

968
00:38:31,540 --> 00:38:28,310
because the landscape often temperate

969
00:38:32,710 --> 00:38:31,550
areas so the the cooler flatter areas in

970
00:38:36,160 --> 00:38:32,720
particular don't have as much diversity

971
00:38:38,380 --> 00:38:36,170
the tropics is where in 15 diversity is

972
00:38:40,720 --> 00:38:38,390
is generally at and especially really

973
00:38:42,340 --> 00:38:40,730
topographically diverse areas so really

974
00:38:44,290 --> 00:38:42,350
mountainous areas like the areas in

975
00:38:45,940 --> 00:38:44,300
Vietnam that i work at you get the

976
00:38:47,320 --> 00:38:45,950
amphibians that are just adapted to the

977
00:38:49,030 --> 00:38:47,330
cool wet climates on the top of one

978
00:38:51,280 --> 00:38:49,040
mountain peak so they're essentially on

979
00:38:52,810 --> 00:38:51,290
Islands surrounded by habitat that they

980
00:38:54,250 --> 00:38:52,820
can't live in and these are the ones

981
00:38:56,500 --> 00:38:54,260
that also likely to be affected by

982
00:38:58,720 --> 00:38:56,510
climate change in a big way and did

983
00:39:00,250 --> 00:38:58,730
Australia not get a greater range of

984
00:39:01,810 --> 00:39:00,260
frogs because the land bridge was cut

985
00:39:03,490 --> 00:39:01,820
before the frogs come across is that the

986
00:39:05,109 --> 00:39:03,500
reason why we have got the range that's

987
00:39:07,359 --> 00:39:05,119
that's a lot to do with it yet so

988
00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:07,369
salamanders originated in diversified in

989
00:39:11,410 --> 00:39:08,810
the north and we didn't we didn't get

990
00:39:13,780 --> 00:39:11,420
them down we did get one true frog one

991
00:39:15,250 --> 00:39:13,790
European kind of frog or on it that came

992
00:39:17,380 --> 00:39:15,260
down to a land bridge from Papua New

993
00:39:19,510 --> 00:39:17,390
Guinea so we have one true frog in

994
00:39:21,640 --> 00:39:19,520
Australia but the other frogs we got

995
00:39:24,730 --> 00:39:21,650
here a long time ago and they adapted to

996
00:39:26,470 --> 00:39:24,740
amazing diversity like see nowhere else

997
00:39:28,390 --> 00:39:26,480
like tree frogs in Australia the high

998
00:39:30,220 --> 00:39:28,400
lids normally they're tree frogs in

999
00:39:31,150 --> 00:39:30,230
Australia their tree frogs their frogs

1000
00:39:33,220 --> 00:39:31,160
are very underground

1001
00:39:35,080 --> 00:39:33,230
for years they just their ground frogs

1002
00:39:37,180 --> 00:39:35,090
they've just adapted to everything look

1003
00:39:39,460 --> 00:39:37,190
I bet let's give a shout out to the

1004
00:39:41,260 --> 00:39:39,470
frogs of ash island near Newcastle we've

1005
00:39:42,550 --> 00:39:41,270
got the golden frog of a Shaolin do you

1006
00:39:44,770 --> 00:39:42,560
know that one at all the green and

1007
00:39:46,630 --> 00:39:44,780
golden bell frogs yeah that'd be it i do

1008
00:39:48,610 --> 00:39:46,640
that's a rather famous frog in australia

1009
00:39:50,530 --> 00:39:48,620
especially sydney ya know is it very

1010
00:39:52,270 --> 00:39:50,540
endangered that one it is endangered

1011
00:39:55,240 --> 00:39:52,280
it's a funny frog because it actually

1012
00:39:57,940 --> 00:39:55,250
should be a weed it really likes like

1013
00:39:59,590 --> 00:39:57,950
newly established paste places polluted

1014
00:40:01,690 --> 00:39:59,600
sort of ponds that are really ephemeral

1015
00:40:03,220 --> 00:40:01,700
oily temporary and it can move like one

1016
00:40:04,390 --> 00:40:03,230
or two kilometres in a night so by all

1017
00:40:06,520 --> 00:40:04,400
accounts you think this prob would be

1018
00:40:08,020 --> 00:40:06,530
everywhere but unfortunately it's not

1019
00:40:09,460 --> 00:40:08,030
it's declined from at least in a ninety

1020
00:40:11,620 --> 00:40:09,470
percent of the places that used to occur

1021
00:40:13,510 --> 00:40:11,630
and the famous place it was was homebush

1022
00:40:15,310 --> 00:40:13,520
and it loves loves the brick pit it

1023
00:40:17,380 --> 00:40:15,320
loves these really weird places that no

1024
00:40:20,050 --> 00:40:17,390
other frogs would but a problem is a lot

1025
00:40:21,970 --> 00:40:20,060
of the frog places that we now build a

1026
00:40:23,470 --> 00:40:21,980
lot of the permanent permanent water

1027
00:40:25,450 --> 00:40:23,480
bodies they don't like permanent water

1028
00:40:27,070 --> 00:40:25,460
bodies so actually when people build

1029
00:40:28,870 --> 00:40:27,080
frog pond in their backyard they're

1030
00:40:31,810 --> 00:40:28,880
building habitats for only certain kinds

1031
00:40:33,640 --> 00:40:31,820
of frogs like the stripe marsh frog or

1032
00:40:35,260 --> 00:40:33,650
things like that so we're actually not

1033
00:40:36,820 --> 00:40:35,270
creating habitat for all of the frogs

1034
00:40:37,780 --> 00:40:36,830
that do live in the area this is

1035
00:40:39,400 --> 00:40:37,790
something you mentioned in your very

1036
00:40:41,500 --> 00:40:39,410
interesting talk you said that we seem

1037
00:40:43,840 --> 00:40:41,510
to love certain and we want to protect

1038
00:40:45,160 --> 00:40:43,850
certain kinds of charismatic frog now

1039
00:40:46,780 --> 00:40:45,170
what would that be would that be ones

1040
00:40:48,850 --> 00:40:46,790
that are only colorful or make a great

1041
00:40:51,400 --> 00:40:48,860
noise is that why we as humans we only

1042
00:40:53,380 --> 00:40:51,410
like that kind of frog yeah I think I

1043
00:40:55,060 --> 00:40:53,390
think unusual unlike the gastric

1044
00:40:57,880 --> 00:40:55,070
brooding frog and the babies and it's

1045
00:40:59,890 --> 00:40:57,890
stomach that's pretty amazing um yeah

1046
00:41:01,540 --> 00:40:59,900
the beautiful things tend to get the the

1047
00:41:03,160 --> 00:41:01,550
rewards a little brown frogs a lot of

1048
00:41:04,720 --> 00:41:03,170
the things that I study a leaflet of

1049
00:41:06,100 --> 00:41:04,730
frogs and there you know about two

1050
00:41:07,030 --> 00:41:06,110
centimeters big they're brown they're

1051
00:41:09,400 --> 00:41:07,040
kind of all looked the same and they

1052
00:41:10,930 --> 00:41:09,410
sound like insects most probably we're

1053
00:41:12,760 --> 00:41:10,940
not going to put a lot of money into the

1054
00:41:15,940 --> 00:41:12,770
conservation of those frogs as much as I

1055
00:41:18,510 --> 00:41:15,950
might love them but for amazing flying

1056
00:41:21,400 --> 00:41:18,520
frogs beautiful tree frogs salamanders

1057
00:41:23,380 --> 00:41:21,410
hopefully you know we would put the

1058
00:41:24,970 --> 00:41:23,390
effort in for them at least although

1059
00:41:26,620 --> 00:41:24,980
often they're also under threat from the

1060
00:41:28,450 --> 00:41:26,630
pet trade because they are so beautiful

1061
00:41:29,710 --> 00:41:28,460
I'm a huge fan of the axolotl the

1062
00:41:31,270 --> 00:41:29,720
Mexican walking fish does it actually

1063
00:41:33,520 --> 00:41:31,280
count or because it's sort of in between

1064
00:41:35,500 --> 00:41:33,530
it's not a really I'm phibian it is an

1065
00:41:37,540 --> 00:41:35,510
amphibian it's a salamander but it's

1066
00:41:40,240 --> 00:41:37,550
actually a Peter morphix salamander

1067
00:41:42,340 --> 00:41:40,250
which means it stays in its larval stage

1068
00:41:44,300 --> 00:41:42,350
and still breeds like it's a weird thing

1069
00:41:45,230 --> 00:41:44,310
it's basically a tadpole that breeds

1070
00:41:47,150 --> 00:41:45,240
but you know what's interesting about

1071
00:41:49,190 --> 00:41:47,160
that as common is it isn't a pet trade

1072
00:41:51,650 --> 00:41:49,200
it's actually almost extinct in its

1073
00:41:52,910 --> 00:41:51,660
native habitat in Mexico because people

1074
00:41:54,800 --> 00:41:52,920
have lifted it from there or the

1075
00:41:56,450 --> 00:41:54,810
habitats been stuffed up it's basically

1076
00:41:59,240 --> 00:41:56,460
in Mexico City so the habitat is is

1077
00:42:00,590 --> 00:41:59,250
pretty much pretty much gone and so what

1078
00:42:02,900 --> 00:42:00,600
we have is this weird kind of captive

1079
00:42:04,400 --> 00:42:02,910
animal that's you know but it's bred to

1080
00:42:06,140 --> 00:42:04,410
be in captivity but the actual native

1081
00:42:08,630 --> 00:42:06,150
animal is in a heck of a lot of trouble

1082
00:42:10,700 --> 00:42:08,640
yeah um you've actually eaten frog too

1083
00:42:12,380 --> 00:42:10,710
because you you get pretty hungry and

1084
00:42:13,490 --> 00:42:12,390
what's it taste like and I guess you

1085
00:42:15,710 --> 00:42:13,500
wouldn't recommend we all do this

1086
00:42:17,860 --> 00:42:15,720
because a cane toad you don't eat them

1087
00:42:21,830 --> 00:42:17,870
you're really picking parts of the talk

1088
00:42:25,040 --> 00:42:21,840
yes yes I I have a full the confirmation

1089
00:42:26,570 --> 00:42:25,050
bias I think yes i have i was a

1090
00:42:28,370 --> 00:42:26,580
vegetarian when i first moved to asia

1091
00:42:30,500 --> 00:42:28,380
and that didn't last too long out of

1092
00:42:32,350 --> 00:42:30,510
almost have asian in the forest i have

1093
00:42:34,340 --> 00:42:32,360
eaten frog it tastes like chicken

1094
00:42:35,570 --> 00:42:34,350
probably I mean that's what everyone

1095
00:42:37,430 --> 00:42:35,580
says everything pretty much taste like

1096
00:42:38,990 --> 00:42:37,440
that's not the normal kind of animal

1097
00:42:41,330 --> 00:42:39,000
that we eat but it's a really important

1098
00:42:42,500 --> 00:42:41,340
source of protein for a lot of southeast

1099
00:42:44,270 --> 00:42:42,510
asian a lot of countries around the

1100
00:42:45,980 --> 00:42:44,280
world and in a lot of places it's quite

1101
00:42:47,840 --> 00:42:45,990
sustainable because frogs can braid into

1102
00:42:50,180 --> 00:42:47,850
large numbers so rice paddy frogs and

1103
00:42:52,310 --> 00:42:50,190
things but it becomes too wet where

1104
00:42:53,510 --> 00:42:52,320
they're being harvested from patches of

1105
00:42:55,130 --> 00:42:53,520
forests and things that we start

1106
00:42:56,360 --> 00:42:55,140
worrying about whether the frogs are

1107
00:42:58,370 --> 00:42:56,370
only a small area are really being

1108
00:42:59,720 --> 00:42:58,380
affected because you were talking about

1109
00:43:01,610 --> 00:42:59,730
conservation if we were interested in

1110
00:43:02,810 --> 00:43:01,620
conservation of amphibians in Australia

1111
00:43:04,010 --> 00:43:02,820
and elsewhere in the world where should

1112
00:43:06,980 --> 00:43:04,020
we go to have a look and learn about

1113
00:43:08,570 --> 00:43:06,990
this and maybe get up some cash well of

1114
00:43:11,290 --> 00:43:08,580
course I'm biased so I would say the

1115
00:43:13,460 --> 00:43:11,300
Australian Museum Research Institute oh

1116
00:43:15,620 --> 00:43:13,470
yeah my mother was the what's a web

1117
00:43:17,030 --> 00:43:15,630
address for that oh I've had a personal

1118
00:43:18,740 --> 00:43:17,040
website dress but you can just Google

1119
00:43:22,280 --> 00:43:18,750
and Phoebe ins and the Australian Museum

1120
00:43:23,900 --> 00:43:22,290
or you can google me Jody Rowley and

1121
00:43:25,610 --> 00:43:23,910
you'll find my website and you can see

1122
00:43:29,090 --> 00:43:25,620
lots of cool photos of frogs and where

1123
00:43:31,190 --> 00:43:29,100
are you off to next Vietnam of course ok

1124
00:43:32,930 --> 00:43:31,200
you said that look I had no sorry this

1125
00:43:35,120 --> 00:43:32,940
is things in your talk I really picked

1126
00:43:36,980 --> 00:43:35,130
up on canopy frogs now these are frogs

1127
00:43:38,630 --> 00:43:36,990
that live what 40 feet in the air for

1128
00:43:40,100 --> 00:43:38,640
all of their life how're we ever going

1129
00:43:42,620 --> 00:43:40,110
to find them because you won't go up

1130
00:43:44,600 --> 00:43:42,630
there and I don't blame you usually oh

1131
00:43:45,860 --> 00:43:44,610
well actually this is not entirely true

1132
00:43:47,420 --> 00:43:45,870
i'm not sure but i was gonna say that

1133
00:43:48,950 --> 00:43:47,430
most frogs would have to come to the

1134
00:43:51,950 --> 00:43:48,960
ground at some stage but then not be

1135
00:43:53,780 --> 00:43:51,960
true um we wouldn't know the thing is if

1136
00:43:55,040 --> 00:43:53,790
they're calling we might get really

1137
00:43:56,740 --> 00:43:55,050
creative and we might get up there and

1138
00:43:58,870 --> 00:43:56,750
actually i've had local guys work

1139
00:44:00,970 --> 00:43:58,880
with me in the area that have gone

1140
00:44:03,010 --> 00:44:00,980
climbing up trees looking for things I'm

1141
00:44:04,090 --> 00:44:03,020
a wuss when it comes to Heights I'm not

1142
00:44:06,760 --> 00:44:04,100
the person that you would traditionally

1143
00:44:08,980 --> 00:44:06,770
think of climbing mountains in Vietnam I

1144
00:44:10,960 --> 00:44:08,990
have some really amazing students and

1145
00:44:12,520 --> 00:44:10,970
colleagues that will tell me which way

1146
00:44:16,180 --> 00:44:12,530
to walk when we're scaling waterfalls

1147
00:44:17,650 --> 00:44:16,190
and I start freaking out your only child

1148
00:44:18,910 --> 00:44:17,660
and your mum would be a bit upset if she

1149
00:44:21,970 --> 00:44:18,920
knew what you were doing in those

1150
00:44:23,650 --> 00:44:21,980
rainforest tie up but she never said not

1151
00:44:25,390 --> 00:44:23,660
to go and that's why i named a frog

1152
00:44:28,000 --> 00:44:25,400
after her she did not want her only

1153
00:44:29,980 --> 00:44:28,010
child moving to Cambodia and working for

1154
00:44:33,640 --> 00:44:29,990
months in remote areas with you know

1155
00:44:35,920 --> 00:44:33,650
like 14 guys in the forest but um she

1156
00:44:38,020 --> 00:44:35,930
supported me I didn't found frogs and it

1157
00:44:40,120 --> 00:44:38,030
helped out water I've got my daughter

1158
00:44:42,010 --> 00:44:40,130
named a fraud after me what's your son

1159
00:44:43,600 --> 00:44:42,020
done he's a lawyer yeah some people

1160
00:44:45,610 --> 00:44:43,610
might take offense at having a frog

1161
00:44:47,110 --> 00:44:45,620
named often but not my mum she's got the

1162
00:44:48,760 --> 00:44:47,120
Helens flying frog in the back of a

1163
00:44:51,400 --> 00:44:48,770
phone we were in the local paper when it

1164
00:44:54,520 --> 00:44:51,410
was described that's the pinnacle of mum

1165
00:44:56,020 --> 00:44:54,530
hood right so look get a look at the

1166
00:44:57,760 --> 00:44:56,030
museum and look because you do have some

1167
00:44:59,800 --> 00:44:57,770
wonderful photos of frogs and what is

1168
00:45:01,660 --> 00:44:59,810
the best looking frog I know it's a

1169
00:45:05,920 --> 00:45:01,670
tough question you have to say your mum

1170
00:45:07,600 --> 00:45:05,930
strong but you know I'd say some of the

1171
00:45:09,610 --> 00:45:07,610
tiny little green frogs which don't have

1172
00:45:13,200 --> 00:45:09,620
common names there in the genus Chris

1173
00:45:16,270 --> 00:45:13,210
cyclists from Southeast Asia which have

1174
00:45:18,250 --> 00:45:16,280
transparent skin turquoise bone and one

1175
00:45:19,480 --> 00:45:18,260
ream blood they're amazing and the

1176
00:45:21,730 --> 00:45:19,490
Bloods green because they have more cop

1177
00:45:25,120 --> 00:45:21,740
in the Nile haha it's called delivered

1178
00:45:27,370 --> 00:45:25,130
and it's a bile pigment I think I'm not

1179
00:45:28,780 --> 00:45:27,380
entirely sure why that some animals have

1180
00:45:30,400 --> 00:45:28,790
this there are a few lizards and things

1181
00:45:32,350 --> 00:45:30,410
like that but it's it's pretty bizarre

1182
00:45:34,270 --> 00:45:32,360
to have green blood thank you for a

1183
00:45:36,490 --> 00:45:34,280
fascinating talk tonight and never let

1184
00:45:39,160 --> 00:45:36,500
anyone I know you tell you listener the

1185
00:46:00,310 --> 00:45:39,170
frogs are amphibians are dull never

1186
00:46:04,730 --> 00:46:02,660
astronomy cast who takes a fact space

1187
00:46:06,440 --> 00:46:04,740
journey through the cosmos as it offers

1188
00:46:09,110 --> 00:46:06,450
listeners weekly discussions on

1189
00:46:12,050 --> 00:46:09,120
astronomical topics ranging from planets

1190
00:46:14,330 --> 00:46:12,060
to cosmology hosted by Fraser Cain of

1191
00:46:15,350 --> 00:46:14,340
Universe Today and myself dr. Pamela

1192
00:46:18,020 --> 00:46:15,360
gave southern illinois university

1193
00:46:19,880 --> 00:46:18,030
edwardsville this show brings the

1194
00:46:22,310 --> 00:46:19,890
questions of an avid astronomy lover

1195
00:46:24,410 --> 00:46:22,320
directly to an astronomer together

1196
00:46:25,940 --> 00:46:24,420
Fraser and I explore what is known and

1197
00:46:28,700 --> 00:46:25,950
being discovered about the universe

1198
00:46:30,800 --> 00:46:28,710
around us join us each week as we take a

1199
00:46:46,450 --> 00:46:30,810
fax space journey through the cosmos at

1200
00:46:50,540 --> 00:46:48,440
well thank you for listening to the

1201
00:46:52,040 --> 00:46:50,550
skeptic zone that was a mixed bag of an

1202
00:46:53,330 --> 00:46:52,050
episode main on that's what we like we

1203
00:46:55,640 --> 00:46:53,340
like a variety it's like the variety

1204
00:46:57,830 --> 00:46:55,650
show it's like a more common wise comedy

1205
00:46:59,870 --> 00:46:57,840
show with science it's exactly like that

1206
00:47:01,550 --> 00:46:59,880
and for those of you under 30 google

1207
00:47:03,380 --> 00:47:01,560
more common wise and if you're really

1208
00:47:05,480 --> 00:47:03,390
special try little and large they were

1209
00:47:07,609 --> 00:47:05,490
another comic duo I remember them oh

1210
00:47:10,700 --> 00:47:07,619
yeah I remember those Joe thanks for

1211
00:47:13,430 --> 00:47:10,710
being here too well watch Maynard and I

1212
00:47:14,630 --> 00:47:13,440
make complete gooses or geese of

1213
00:47:15,740 --> 00:47:14,640
ourselves during the mystery

1214
00:47:18,140 --> 00:47:15,750
investigators show you think of the

1215
00:47:21,020 --> 00:47:18,150
mystery investigators show very goose

1216
00:47:22,340 --> 00:47:21,030
like I recommend it very goose like me

1217
00:47:24,650 --> 00:47:22,350
now that's the highest compliment we've

1218
00:47:26,240 --> 00:47:24,660
had I think in this white lab coat I do

1219
00:47:28,510 --> 00:47:26,250
look like a lot like someone from the

1220
00:47:30,710 --> 00:47:28,520
ponds Institute and I quite like that

1221
00:47:32,990 --> 00:47:30,720
well thank you very much again for being

1222
00:47:34,490 --> 00:47:33,000
here it's a great time with her to the

1223
00:47:36,050 --> 00:47:34,500
powerhouse museum thank you to the

1224
00:47:38,270 --> 00:47:36,060
powerhouse museum for having the mystery

1225
00:47:39,980 --> 00:47:38,280
investigators we've reached a lot of

1226
00:47:41,270 --> 00:47:39,990
people a lot of audience a lot of kids

1227
00:47:42,890 --> 00:47:41,280
lot of adults we've had a really great

1228
00:47:44,359 --> 00:47:42,900
time water divining all the rest of it

1229
00:47:45,770 --> 00:47:44,369
and I want to thank the powers museum I

1230
00:47:48,410 --> 00:47:45,780
broke a few things while I was here but

1231
00:47:51,050 --> 00:47:48,420
they were very nice to me that's good to

1232
00:47:53,030 --> 00:47:51,060
hear and until next week this is Maynard

1233
00:48:00,410 --> 00:47:53,040
Joe and Richard signing off from Sydney

1234
00:48:03,710 --> 00:48:00,420
Australia who Roble you've been

1235
00:48:08,240 --> 00:48:03,720
listening to the skeptic zone visit our

1236
00:48:10,700 --> 00:48:08,250
website at www skeptic zone TV for

1237
00:48:12,420 --> 00:48:10,710
comments contacts and extra video